| Seamless Line Pipe | API 5L Grade B / ASTM A106 Grade B | Oil and gas transmission, high-temperature service, process piping | Hot-finished or cold-drawn seamless | NPS 1/2 to NPS 24 | Schedule 10 to Schedule XXS | Tensile strength typically 415 MPa minimum; yield strength typically 240 MPa minimum for Grade B | US$850–1,450/metric ton | Qualified pipe distributor or mill-authorized stockist | Material Test Certificate, heat number, hydrostatic test, dimensional inspection, ultrasonic or eddy-current testing where specified |
| Seamless Pressure Pipe | ASTM A106 Grade B | Steam, boiler, refinery, chemical and high-temperature piping | Seamless hot-finished or cold-drawn steel | NPS 1/8 to NPS 48 | Schedule 10 through Schedule XXS, subject to size limits | Yield strength typically 240 MPa minimum; tensile strength typically 415 MPa minimum | US$900–1,600/metric ton | Industrial piping distributor or approved project supplier | Heat analysis, tensile and bend tests, hydrostatic or approved nondestructive test, end squareness and wall-thickness checks |
| Electric-Resistance-Welded Pipe | ASTM A53 Grade B | Water, air, steam, low-pressure structural and general mechanical service | ERW, with welded longitudinal seam | NPS 1/8 to NPS 26 | Standard, Extra Strong and selected Schedule wall thicknesses | Yield strength typically 240 MPa minimum; tensile strength typically 415 MPa minimum | US$700–1,200/metric ton | Local steel service center or general pipe wholesaler | Grade marking, seam inspection, hydrostatic test, coating condition, outside diameter and wall-thickness tolerance |
| Large-Diameter Spiral-Welded Pipe | API 5L PSL 1 / ASTM A252 where applicable | Water transmission, piling, dredging, low-to-medium-pressure infrastructure | Helically submerged-arc welded or spiral welded | Approximately 16 to 120 inches outside diameter | Approximately 6 to 25 mm, depending on design | Requirements vary by grade, project design and applicable standard | US$650–1,150/metric ton | Project pipe fabricator or infrastructure-material supplier | Weld radiography or ultrasonic testing, hydrostatic testing, dimensional survey, coating inspection and pile-point inspection if applicable |
| Structural Hollow Section | ASTM A500 Grade B or Grade C | Building columns, trusses, frames, bridges and general fabrication | Cold-formed welded or seamless structural tubing | Round, square and rectangular sections; round sizes commonly up to 64 inches | Approximately 2.5 to 25 mm, depending on section and grade | Grade B: 315 MPa minimum yield; Grade C: 345 MPa minimum yield | US$750–1,300/metric ton | Structural steel service center or fabrication supplier | Section dimensions, corner radius, straightness, weld quality, yield and tensile test results, coating or primer condition |
| Galvanized Carbon Steel Pipe | ASTM A53 with hot-dip zinc coating | Water distribution, fire protection, outdoor utility and corrosion-exposed service | Usually ERW or seamless steel followed by hot-dip galvanizing | NPS 1/8 to NPS 26 | Standard and heavier schedules available | Base-pipe mechanical requirements plus specified zinc-coating compliance | US$950–1,650/metric ton | Plumbing, fire-protection or industrial pipe distributor | Zinc coating thickness and uniformity, adhesion, threaded-end condition, diameter, wall thickness and corrosion protection |
| Boiler and Heat-Exchanger Tube | ASTM A179 / ASTM A192, when specified by design | Heat exchangers, boilers and high-pressure thermal equipment | Seamless cold-drawn or cold-finished tube | Commonly 6 to 76 mm outside diameter | Commonly 1.0 to 6.0 mm | Requirements depend on the applicable tube specification and service pressure | US$1,100–2,000/metric ton | Specialty tube distributor or qualified heat-equipment supplier | Eddy-current or hydrostatic test, dimensional control, surface finish, chemical analysis and tensile or hardness testing |